Role of insulators and their types and use of light arresters

An insulator is the material whose internal charges do not flow easily and when they are under the influence of electrical charge they do not allow electricity to pass. . This property of the insulator is used in transmission and distribution of electricity. They are used to support the electrical conductors and prevent the flow of current from overhead transmission lines to earth below.

Insulators come in three types. The pin insulator are used in the pin on the cross arm of the electrical pole .The upper end of the insulator has a groove. The conductor is passed through this groove and is tied with the insulator by the insulating wire. The pin insulators are used in transmission and distribution line of current up to 33 kV. Beyond, that current, the pin insulators are considered too bulky.

Suspension insulators are used for current beyond 33 KV. The suspension insulator contain series of insulators and line of the conductor is carried by the bottom most insulator in the series. Each part of the series is called disc, because they looked like disc. The benefit of suspension insulator is that it can be increased by adding number of disc for carrying any voltage. Another benefit of suspension insulator is that in case of any damage to one disc, it can be changed easily. The mechanical stress on the suspension insulator is low as it is suspended from a flexible string. However, suspension insulators are costlier than pin insulator and it need more height of the supporting structures to keep conductor clear of the ground.

Stay insulator is used in the low voltage lines. The insulator Porcelain insulators manufacturers in Delhi material of the stay is porcelain. The designing of the stay insulators is done in such a manner that in case of any breakage of the insulator, the transmission line will not fall to the ground.

The shackle insulators are used in low voltage systems. It is used both in horizontal and vertical position. The tapered hole of the insulator distributes the load evenly and reduces the possibility of damage under heavy load conditions.

Lighting arresters are Lightning Arresters Manufacturers in Delhi used to protect the buildings and individuals from lighting strikes. The lighting arrests allow the voltage surge to pass to earth without damaging installations. The major difference between insulator and lighting arresters is that lighting arresters are good conductor of the current while insulators have to be bad conductor of the current.

Light arrester and their types and role of porcelain insulator

Light arresters are the devices which prevent damage to apparatus from lighting strike. The arresters give less resistance path to the current from a light striking. After providing low resistance to surge in current it comes to the normal position. The arrester has to perform two main function, first it has to give point in the circuit at which an over voltage passes to the ground.  And, second, it prevents flowing of follow- up current to ground.

Lighting arresters are one of the three protective measures adopted to protect the devices and man working on them. The other two measures are earth screening and overhead ground wires.

Earth screening is used at power stations and sub power stations to protect the stations from direct lighting. The use of earth screen provides low resistance path to the cover charge current produced by lightning strike. But it has its limitations, as it does not provide protection against traveling waves in the stations, which may reach the equipments.

Overhead ground wires are used to protect the transmission lines from direct lighting. It also gives damping effect on disturbances traveling along the lines by acting as short circuit. The limits of this type of protective measure are that it can be costly. It can also break and fall across the line conductors, thereby producing short circuit fault.

Types of light arresters –

 Lighting arresters Lightning Arresters Manufacturers in Delhi can also be divided into three classes.  Class one is used to prevent damage to power stations, sub stations and other high voltage areas. The   class one lighting arresters give protection from both surges and lighting striking.

Intermediate class lighting arresters are used to protect transformers, low voltage areas, and sub stations. They also protect from surges and lighting strikes.

Distribution class lighting arresters are for dry type and liquid type transformers. These may also be on the exposed lines having connection with rotating machines.

Secondary class lighting arresters are for protecting homes and businesses from lighting strikes. These lighting arresters offer low level protection to electrical systems and have no protection to solid state technology.    

Electrical insulators are used to protect the flow of current to ground from overhead transmission lines. Various materials are used to make insulators .Porcelain Porcelain insulators manufacturers in Delhi is also  the material that is used to make the overhead insulators .This material is actually aluminum silicate. The porcelain material should be free from any porosity since that reduces its dielectric property.